Ethics Case Study Essay

UtilitarianismUtilitarianism would non qualify tomcat falsifying data as un estimable, as it would assume the grandest benefits to the large quantity of stakeholders whilst just bringing a limited amount of misemploy. This domiciliate be seen through the stakeholders who benefit from tomcat gaining full-time employment much(prenominal) as his parents, the child receiving the life-saving sponsorship, the charity and the government, as Tom could start paying(a) his HECS debt. One stakeholder who would be harmed by Toms dilemma is the small accounting satisfying in Milton. Ultimately the risk of this actually harming the business due to his deprivation of experience would be minimised due to Tom be tightly administrate for the first year of work. self-confidence alike maintains that the agent should do any(prenominal) they ought to do if it benefits themselves. In Toms moral dilemma, if he falsifies his CV in auberge to achieve full time work, he is acting on the vivi d instinct of self promotion that egoism sees as ethical.Kantian moralityKantian ethics maintains that there are near things that are deemed defile in themselves, apart from their consequences. This means that Tom should regard the act of lying as wrong regardless whether it brings about smashing results. Kants categorical lordly states I should neer act except in such a right smart that I can also will that my maxim should gravel a universal good (Kant, 1996). In universalising a law that is non in relation to specific circumstances, it allows moral issues to be solved by pure rationality. When applying Toms situation to Kants universalisation theory, a maxim for Toms situation could be matchless should falsify data if it benefits them. This could not be accepted as a law universally as falsifying data could not be consistent, as eventually all data would be deemed tainted and whence unusable, leading to the act of giving information to its own demise.If itwere ethical f or Tom to falsify data, Tom would capture to accept that it would and then be ethical for everyone to do so. If everyone was free to fake data, universal lying would weaken think in communication. Kant also states act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own mortal or in the person of another, always at the identical time as an end and never simply means (Kant, 1996). If Tom falsified his CV, it would result in disrespect as the owners of the accounting firm are basing crucial business decisions on wide data, which is unethical.Virtue ethicsApplying moral excellence ethics is based on evaluating how guiltless Tom is, not just the actions or consequences of his moral situation. A fairness that can be applied from Aristotles Doctrine of the Mean is tranquillity meaning good deeds are dupee for their own pastime and not for personal recognition. The two vices of indifference are false taciturnity (deficiency) and careerist(excess). Assuming Tom decided to fake his CV he would viewing characteristics in the vice of excess meaning he is a careerist and would not be classified as virtuous, and therefore unethical.Ranking of Ethical Theories1. Utilitarianism/EgoismUtilitarianism is in line with many fundamental morals that party intends for us to bear. For example, two fundamental ethical principles are that we must avoid doing harm to others and aim to do good. When I consider certain actions or decisions, I usually evaluate them in terms of their consequences. Although it disregards the ethical element of an action, it looks at the benefits it can cause in solving my moral dilemmas. Egoism alsousually takes part in most of my moral decision making. I usually base many of my decisions on the consequences I can achieve, therefore find this most useful.2. Virtue EthicsI use virtue ethics to solve some moral issues due to the benefit of gaining incursion into emotional and personal values in relation to the action. I reckon people ar e emotionally involved in ethical conclude making virtue ethics a better way to task whether an action is ethical or not. I find this theory some useful as I believe every situation cannot be branded under absolute rules, as in Kantian Ethics.3. Kantian EthicsAlthough Kantian seems like the right moral structure to borrow it is extremely idealistic and would not necessarily result in good outcomes for me or the greater good of everyone. I think due to it being a rigid system, in certain situations for my moral dilemmas, it could not be used as Kantian ethics does not factor the immensity of character and motivation in making ethical judgements. Therefore I dont believe I would assess the ethics of a dilemma accurately, finding this least useful.PART BSocially amenable organisations should aim to minimise their negative impacts, but the degenerate nutriment industriousness faces extreme public criticism due to the effects it is having on some main stakeholders consumers and c ommunities. Fast food consumption is potentially harmful and if businesses adopt Friedmans shareholder theory by only focusing on short profit goals, the long-term welfare of customers is compromised. For example, Bowman, Gortmaker & Ebbeling (2004), indicate that energy derived from speedyfood is10% of a childs average recommended daily intake, 5 times more than the 1970s. This highlights the need for somebody to not only take responsibility but action. Advertisers spend 100s of billions of dollars a year oecumenical encouraging, persuading and manipulating children into a consumer lifestyle (Beder, 1998), leading to devastating consequences.The narrow view by Friedman, where businesses adopt the let the government do it theory is criticised as society now has a greater concern for a better tonus of life which businesses could help achieve. Supporters of Freeman maintain that fast food corporations have a responsibility to their stakeholders and should acknowledge potential hea lth risks associated with consuming fast food. Highly advertised food corporations should have responsibilities beyond enhancing their profits, because they have great social and economic power in society. This undeniable power discounts Friedmans theory that the business cant handle it. If corporations have such power, they should also take responsibility for its actions in these areas.Nature Neuroscience published a study linking effects of fast food to those of addictive substances such as cocaine, heroin and nicotine (Klein, 2010). If tobacco packaging in many countries legally have to display health warnings due to smoking being addictive, why does fast food packaging not have responsibility to do the same? Businesses who adopt a narrow view on CSR compromise stakeholders welfare. For example, on January 1954 in the US main tobacco companies published a rehearsal named A Frank Statement to Cigarette Smokers reaching an estimated 43,245,000 Americans (Cummings, 2002).The advert isement promised consumers that cigarettes were untroubled and denied all health risks to consumers. This resulted in millions of people dying due to wanting(p) concern stemming from the companies understating health effects in a blind essay to create profit. This scenario could almost determine the future of fast food industries being irresponsible aboutmarketing to addicted consumers. If major food corporations dont undertake measures to outweigh unhealthy promotion to children and society, they might in addition face the same consequences.

Islamic Art Essay

Moslem invention is perhaps the most social manifestation of a complex civilization that a great deal seems enigmatic to outsiders. by its brilliant use of color and its superb balance between founding and form, Muslim art attains an immediate visual impact. Its strong aesthetic magical spell transcends distances in time and space, as hygienic as differences in language, nicety, and creed. Islamic art not unless invites a closer look scarcely also beckons the viewer to learn more.The term Islamic art whitethorn be confusing to some. It not only describes the art created specific whollyy in the service of , but it also characterizes sacrilegious art produced in lands nether Islamic rule or influence, whatever the artists or the patrons spiritual affiliation. The term suggests an art unified in style and purpose, and indeed there ar certain common features that screw the humanities of all Islamic lands.1 Although this is a highly self-propelling art, which is oft mar ked by strong theatrical roleal characteristics as swell up as by significant influences from other cultures, it retains an overall coherence that is noteworthy given its vast geographic and temporal boundaries. Of paramount concern to the ontogeny of this singular art is Islam itself, which fostered the creation of a distinctive visual culture with its own unique artistic language. Calligraphy is the most authoritative and distributive element in Islamic art.It has always been considered the noblest form of art because of its draw with the , the Muslim holy book, which is written in Arabic. This preoccupation with beautiful writing extended to all arts including secular manuscripts inscriptions on palaces and those applied to metal micturate, pottery, stone, glass, wood, and textiles and to non-Arabic-speaking peoples at heart the Islamic commonwealth whose languages such as Persian, Turkish, and Urdu were written in the Arabic script. Another characteristic of Islamic art is a preference for lotion surfaces with patterns composed of geometric or vegetal elements.Complex geometric designs, as well as intricate patterns of vegetal ornament (such as the arabesque), create the impression of unending repetition, which is relyd by some to be an inducement to see the infinite nature of God. This type of nonrepresentational decoration may seduce been developed to such a high degree in Islamic art because of the absence of figural imaginativeness, at least within a religious context. Contrary to a popular misconception, however, figural imagery is an important aspect of Islamic art.Such images occur primarily in secular and especially courtly arts and appear in a huge variety of media and in most periods and places in which Islam flourished. It is important to note, nevertheless, that representational imagery is almost invariably restricted to a private context. Figurative art is excluded from the decoration of religious monuments. This absence may be at tributed to an Islamic repulsion toward anything that might be mistaken for idols or idolatry, which atomic number 18 explicitly interdict by the Quran.In Islamic cultures the so-called decorative arts go away the original means of artistic expression, in contrast to Western art, in which painting and sculpture are preeminent. Illuminated manuscripts, woven textiles and carpets, inlaid metalwork, pursy glass, glazed ceramics, and carved wood and stone all absorbed the inventive energies of artists, becoming highly developed art forms. These deeds include minor(ip) objects of daily use, such as delicate glass beakers, as well as more monumental architectural decoration, for example, glazed tile panels from mental synthesis facades.Such objects were meticulously fabricated and carefully embellished, often with rare and expensive materials, suggesting that the people for whom they were made sought to surround themselves with beauty. Royal patronage play an important role in the making of Islamic art, as it has in the arts of other cultures. The construction of mosques and other religious buildings. including their decoration and furnishings, was the certificate of indebtedness of the ruler and the prerogative of high court officials.Such monuments not only provided for the spiritual needs of the community but often served educational and large-hearted functions as well. Royal patronage of secular art was also a standard feature of Islamic sovereignty, one that enabled the ruler to demonstrate the impressiveness of his court and, by extension, the superiority of his state. Evidence of courtly patronage is derived from the kit and boodle of art themselves, but an equally important source of information is the great body of historical texts that attest to royal sponsorship of the arts almost passim the Islamic period. Thesehistorical works also indicate that only a fraction of such court-sponsored art has survived objects made of precious materials a re particularly rare. From the fourteenth century onward, especially in eastern Islamic lands, the arts of the book provide the best documentation of courtly patronage. Of course, not all works of Islamic art were sponsored by the court in fact, the legal age of objects and manuscripts in museum collections originated elsewhere. Such works of art including pottery, base metalware, carpets, and textiles have often been viewed as the products of urban, middle-class patronage.These objects nonetheless frequently reflect the same styles and rush use of the same forms and techniques employed in courtly art. Whether produced in a courtly or an urban setting or for a religious context, Islamic art is generally the work of anonymous artists. A celebrated exception is in the sphere of the arts of the book. The names of certain calligraphers are well known, which is not surprising given the primacy of the written word in Islam, as are those of a number of painters, most of whom were attac hed to a particular court.The identification of these artists has been based on signed or attributed examples of their works and on textual references. Given the great number of extant examples, comparatively few signatures are found on metalwork, pottery, carved wood and stone, and textiles. Those signatures that do occur, combined with rare evidence from contemporary textual sources, suggest that families of artists, often over several generations, specialized in a particular moderate or technique. Some of the famous Arts are in the expression and Architecture.They build mosques to worship and praise in. In the mosques they built render which is a monumental, highly decorated structure set into a usually apparent(a) facade (front) facing the street. 2 You can find some of these gates in such building as the The bonce of the quaver and in the most famous tomb of the Taj Mahal. Now only few buildings are still around, but the cities still rank the highest in beauty. The dome of the Rock in Jerusalem signifies and serves as a perfect example of the grandeur behind Islamic art. The Dome of the Rock contains all themajor characteristics throughout the whole architectural building, which includes calligraphy, patterns of visual and geometrical elements, figural imagery, and illuminated manuscripts. The Dome of the Rock is often called the first work of Islamic architecture, and if it is the building must(prenominal) be the finest first effort in the history of architecture. 3 The Dome Of The Rock, Jerusalem 692 and later The interior view of The Dome of the rock. Where many believe Abraham offered to sacrifice Isaac The gates of Taj Mahal 2003 The Taj Mahaul was built for the empire and his wife. It is one of the most stately themes that a building can contain.Its refined elegance is a in evidence contrast both to the Hindu architecture of pre-Islamic India, with its thick walls, corbeled arches, and heavy lintels, and to the Indo-Islamic styles, in wh ich Hindu elements are combined with an eclectic assortment of motifs from Persian and Turkish sources. 4 With all the beautiful structures and elements of Islam, you would never know how strict the region was. In Islamic cultures the so-called decorative arts provide the primary means of artistic expression. They showed their beautiful creativity in all their work such in the buildings, books, and the carvings.

Heineken Company Essay

Its true that Heineken, the brand that act with it the name of its m separate company, is the most popular beer today-upholding supremacy for a close spinning over a century now. In 1964, Gerard Adrian Heineken bought a create from raw stuff company called De Hooiberg thereby changing its name to Heineken, after his own name. In addition to Heineken, which account for 20% of the total sales, Heineken has 170 beer brands including Star, Ochota, Murphy, Moretti, Zywiec, Cruzcampo, Tiger, and Amstel.In the approach of civilization and industrial revolution in the world, Heineken union experienced lordly growth in terms of products, beer brands as well as venturing into other community development activities such(prenominal) as sponsoring sporting events. Meanwhile, the company expand to flummox global brewer with tentacles extending to any corner of the world with such branches in Western Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East, and Africa. Their key market atomic tot 18as today inc lude, nevertheless not limited to, Germany, Spain, France and Italy.Whilst the size and modus operandi of Heineken Company apparently demonstrate just about kind of a monopolistic mental synthesis in the market, it is very light(a) that its market structure is meliorate competition. Situational analysis of how Heineken has come to grow vastly over time clearly shows that Heineken Company has strictly prevailed through the waves of perfect competition only to emerge as a winner in the ache run. In the present world of extreme competitive environment, Heineken Company has been denied a chance of enjoying monopolistic competition.It is a parkland understanding that in monopolistic competition, there is only one supplier of a cross product in the available market thereby establishing its own stiff market rules with the consumers on the receiving end. The extend tos and pains of such a market structure culminate into a scenario where the seller grows to a greater extent at th e expense of the suffering consumers. The major weakness of Heineken was the stiff competition that they approach among other national brands in the same market.Whereas Heineken established licensing agreements with the local create from raw material companies which allowed them to proceed some influence in the market, such an influence remained to be very insignificant. Other breweries controlled their merchandise efforts and prices thereby resulting in a accredited problem for Heineken in marketing its brands. Heinekens marketing ambitions to global levels has specifically been restricted by increased globalization because other breweries subscribe to taken advantage of time and established their market bases leaving little or rather no room for any other competitor no matter how big they are.Even in some markets Heinekens brands are only seen as drinks appropriate for classified occasions and not common drinks for daily consumption by every Tom, Harry and Dick. Consequentl y, their marketing objectives to become a universal beer supplier have met significant barriers thereby make them to rely on perpetual review of marketing policies and strategies. A number of marketing strategies are clearly manifested in the way Heineken Company achieved their gigantic expansion since its foundation in the nineteenth century.To start with, the extent to which macrocosm is applied in all the aspects of their product including packaging leaves successful marketing as the only option for the already gigantic seller. Also, they understand their consumers necessitate at various occasions, their taste, and their dislike. The marketing strategies which are carved on stern of innovation ideas generated from the understanding they have of their consumers, allows them to spread highly fine-tuned policies across the wide-cut supply chain of their brands- right from the raw materials to the end product.Whereas economic extremists may term this as brand narcissism, its c ause and effects are justify without a query to the marketing team, vividly manifested by the fact that they have sustained themselves in the market for a long duration of time. The outflank example is shown by the fact that Heineken has used unique yeast for a long time in their fermentation thus giving every other of their brand a special taste to the consumer. Their quality is pure and there is no debate about that.There was a gain on the mutual fund portfolio of Heineken Company over the period of approximately one year from April, 2009 to April, 2010. In addition, whilst there was a decrease in consumption of their local beer between 2008 and 2009, there was significant increase in imported brands in the same time period. Their average decrease in beer consumption was 7 percent in that time period.It is rational to drift that Heineken has enjoyed success in beer market over a tremendously long time period. In the meantime, they have had to strengthen their marketing efforts through applying such strategies as ensuring unique taste and quality of the product, price control as well as increasing their coverage (Heineken International, 2005). However the current stiff competition in the market has kept them at an extreme march leading to a situation where they have to look for better strategies to maintain themselves in the market.

A Crime of Insanity

Its just a nonher solar day of class, at least which is what is going through your head. You think schools are a safe place, not a place where you can eviscerate crack or killed at. What is going through your mind when youre their sitting in class? Nothing other than what is going on. But it was all different for these students that day. On December 14, 1994, 26 year old Ralph Tortirici walked into a account class at State University of New York. Underneath his clothes he had a hunting knife and a Remmington 270 hunting rifle with which he took the classroom hostage. iodin of the hostages said he told every ane to tie-up up and thump to the side of the classroom. Tortirici also told the professor to leave the classroom. He wanted everyone to whap he was serious by firing off a round of drinks from his rifle and used a fire hose to tie the doors shut. Tortorici told the hostages in the classroom he had a com siter chip in his intellect and penis and wanted to see the preside nt. If everyone cooperated nobody would get hurt, just 19 year old, Jason McEnaney, move the gunman and it dis supercharged. McEnaney was seriously injured, shot in the degree and groin.Once arrested, Tortorici repeatedly said, I did what I had to do. They took Tortorici to Albany Medical message to be treated for a knife in gore he got during a struggle with the students. He also tested positive for cocaine. afterwardwards he was released into police custody and taken to the Albany Court jail and charged with multiple counts of kidnapping, aggravated assault, and attempted murder. His lawyer claimed not guilty by reason on insanity. Larry Rosen, presiding count on, had to decide if he was even competent to stand his accept trial. His brother Matthew Tortorici said Ralph suffered from delusions for umpteen geezerhood.His delusions led to a confederation theory that he told his father and Matthew that the cops were out to get him. Ralph was born with a defective urethra an d went through a series of operations to fix it. After a while he became convinced that during one of the operations the governance had type preparation a tracking device in his body. When Tortorici was 24 age old he went to the University Health Center and complained that a microchip was put in his penis. When X-rays were raise negative he was convinced that the doctors were in on the plot. Tortorici turned to drugs thinking they could help him escape and it made his mother concerned.One day she called the medical center concerned that her son was suicidal and that he locked himself in the restroom and was smoking crack. They evaluated Tortorici and he was diagnosed with cocaine intoxication, suicidal ideation, and depression. That is when 10 months later he took the students hostage and since he vista the government put a microchip in his brain he wanted tutelage and for it to stop. The prosecutors could not find a psychiatrist expert who would testify, no one wanted their n ame associated with Ralph Tortorici. They wanted to plead the case out and get him sent to a secure psychiatric hospital.Two days into the jury selection Cheryl Coleman effect Dr. Lawrence Seigle to become the expert. She started getting onto the Dr about him being a Jew and how she should know him and what he is going through. This was the first time Cheryl Coleman came breast to face with Ralph. Ralph claimed that the government had developed sound waves and mind waves to control peoples minds and he was part of an experimental project. He was the Anti-Christ and the trail was his graduating party. If you are not there mentally, it is not fair for you to stand trial.The judge moved antecedent with the trial without wanting to set out another competency hearing. Had the judge held off, and in that time, the prosecutor had no evidence and could take a crap found evidence. Coleman was uncomfortable because a prosecutors job is not only to win cases, but to make sure justice is d one. On January 3 Tortorici announced he wouldnt be present for his trial, that he would wait it out in a holding cell in the basement. He thought the tribunal was not just to decide and that the government was behind it and that there were airwaves in the court and everyone knew what was going on and in on it.Ralphs lawyer thought he could win without him being there. Lawyers dont think if you are right or wrong, they think of winning a trial. Jason McEnaney was the student who rushed Ralph and was shot. One of the jurors passed out when McEnaney was testifying in details about his injuries. Defense had many witnesses and four experts who testified that he was legally insane at the time of the horror he committed. The fact he laid out all the bullets grammatical construction he had enough to kill a lot of people. The fact he had the doors tied. The fact he knew the cops were going to be called.The jury never set eyes on him Ralph was carrying out a mission. Defenses say this ca se is a case of simple mental illness. He was operating under a delusion from the voices in his head. Sure, he committed these crimes, but he was legally insane. The prosecutors closing sentence closed with a rush of emotion enjoin at the victim. Youre not taking me seriously, Bam He knew what he was doing. cardinal days of testimony with 31 witnesss, case was handed to jury. By law the judge couldnt say what would happen if found innocent from insanity.He would spend the same time in prison as in a mental hospital. A month later Tortorici returned to the royal court to be sentenced, this time he actually entered the courtroom. Before sentence the judge allowed Ralph to speak. He embarrassed himself by the things he said. Tortorici was sentenced 20 to 47 years in prison and sent to Sullivan Correctional Facility in his own cell in the mental facility. Only in prison for 3 weeks, he tried hanging himself in his cell by his seam sheet. Three years passed and an appeal was filed a nd denied.Tortorici was shuttled between prisons and psychiatric facilities. His family would say he was doing, but he wasnt. Three weeks later on August 10, 1999, Ralph Tortorici was found dead hanging from his bed sheet in his cell. Prosecutor Cheryl Coleman questioned herself when she found out the news on Tortoricis death. She had convicted him and she was feeling guilty and responsible. She had lost a child herself and felt the pain Ralphs mother and family must have felt. Was justice done? In my opinion I think Ralph Tortorici should have got help and been sent to an insane asylum under surveillance.

Mic 206 Guidelines for Unknown Investigation Lab Report

MIC 206 Guidelines for Unknown investigating Lab Report General Considerations A. Papers must be typed, scripted in past tense, and in third individual. (-50 if non typed) B. Paper social structure Each section is to be headed with the appropriate heading. C. format and Style 1. Format a. Face Page The face page should contain the title of the experiment, the condition of the report, class section time, & date submitted. (1. 5 points) b. Page Format (1. 5 points) 1. One-inch margins 2. Last prognosticate & page number as the header 3. ingeminate spaced 4. Section headings . Other considerations 1. Tables, charts, and figures should be clearly science laboratoryoratoryeled with captions. Ex. meet 1/Table 1. (2 points) 2. ALL genus and species names must be italicized and the genus name must be capitalized. The offset time that a genus name is used, carry through it out in full (Pseudomonas aeruginosa). After that, one letter abbreviations may be used (P. aeruginosa). (3 points) D. Plagiarism opine that you may quote another(prenominal) persons work, or even paraphrase it as coherent as you give credit and cite the work you are quoting, paraphrasing, or referring. -50 if plagiarism occurs) 3. Parts of a Scientific Paper A. Abstract This egresss first in the paper, but it is the last section written. In the Abstract (1) accede the major objective(s) and scope of the experiment, (2) briefly mark the methodology used, (3) summarize the results, and (4) put up the major closedowns. (3 points) B. Introduction In this section, you should provide general background tuition on the subject to aid the reader. This can be followed by a genuinely brief description (1-2 sentences) of the problem that was investigated.Every report must accept a clearly utter guesswork. A hypothesis is a pedagogy of what may or may not occur under defined conditions. Your hypothesis must be clearly (readily identifiable) empowered in this section of your report. Re member that a hypothesis does not have to be correct, just testable. (5 points) C. Materials and Methods For this section, you should merely cite your laboratory manual sections and/or pages used. Any changes made to the procedure should also be noted in this section.Finally, any changes made to the directions make in this manual must be tell apartd in the materials and methods section. For instance, if the directions stated that you should incubate your hear at 37(C for 1 hour, and you incubated your sample at 25(C for 30 minutes, you must note the deviation. If you use any procedures NOT in the lab manual, describe them fully and cite them. Do not do anything more than listed above for this section. (2 points) D. Results You must describe what you did to carry the selective information that you are presenting in this section (If in doubt refer to a journal article).You should describe the selective information in such a manner that if the reader chose not to look at the f igures, tables or graphs, they could still understand your data. The data must be summarized in figures, tables or graphs, which must be clearly tagged and referred to specifically by name when they are being discussed. You must present both your raw data and calculate results. For the calculated results, a sample calculation must be provided so that we can determine how you obtained the calculated values. When graphs are used, be sure that both axes are labeled correctly.Remember that the interdependent variable is ALWAYS presented on the vertical axis. As a rule, the hybridizing of the X- and Y-axes should be the zero point. The spacing between time points should be proportional to the elapsed time. DO NOT USE BAR GRAPHS, they are not appropriate in this course. In the case of differential tests, you must describe in general terms what constitutes a positive and negative result. That personal manner we can determine whether you are interpreting your results correctly. All da ta essential be reported.Deleting data to suite your hypothesis is the same as inventing data in order to suite your hypothesis. If there are data that appear to be erroneous, you may choose not to use those data or datum, but you must still include it in the results and justify your close not to use it. Finally, if an experiment fails and you have no data, you may obtain results from a classmate or your instructor. You cannot receive full credit for a report that has no data analysis. If you use outside data, you must state the source of the results. (7 points) E.Discussion This is the only section in which the use of the first person is acceptable. Remember, in your Discussion, you do not reiterate your results, rather you interpret them and discuss their meaning. Present a discussion of your results as it relates to your hypothesis. Bring attention to data that support your hypothesis. You must also bring attention to data that diverge your hypothesis and provide possible expl anations for why the data do not correlate with your hypothesis. It is typically easier to write a discussion when your data do not support your hypothesis.However, that does not mean you should create a hypothesis that will purposely not be correct. You should also compare and line of business your results with other work in the field do your results and interpretations agree or disagree with other members of your class? outline considerations for the Discussion Section 1. stir you closing curtains clearly and boldly 2. Summarize the supporting data (results) for each conclusion you draw. 3. Include the following in the discussion a. Normal Microbiota of your bacteria b. Bergeys Group Classification/ Identification c.Does your bacteria have a persona in Disease d. Does your bacteria have a Role in Biotechnology e. One unique fact, not previously reported above, that you set interesting f. What communal relationship does your bacteria have with our environment or our bodies. 4. End your paper with a short summary or conclusion regarding the significance of the experiment. (15 Points Discussion section) F. Bibliography In writing your Introduction, Mat & Meth, and Discussion, you will quest to support your assertions and contentions with citations from the literature.You may cite such sources as journal articles, textbooks, the lab manual, an encyclopedia, a dictionary, or any other useful sources. Be very wary of using websites anyone can write anything and put it on a website. There is no minimum or maximum number of references necessary for any given report. Citations and References shall be in American Society of Microbiology (ASM) style. (-25 points if you do not properly use ASM style) Obtained separate colonies on MAC plate, from victor unknown sample (1 point) Obtained isolated colonies on CAN/PEA plate, from legitimate unknown sample (1 point) Note isolated colonies must have been obtained from quadrant streaking original unknown mixed sub tlety tube. If a second culture or a control culture was given to you, after impuissance to get isolated colonies from your original mixed culture and you observed isolated colonies at that point, the 1 point is not earned. ) Identified Gram negatively charged bacteria (2. 5 points) Identified Gram Positive bacteria (2. 5 points) Report is written free of grammatical or mechanical errors as determined by the TA. (3 points) Source Stout, V. MIC 302 Report Writing Guidelines. Arizona evidence University

Educational and Cultural Experience Essay

In interrogation undertaking the methodology section is one of the pivotal aras to be tackled in a device document. This is due to the fact that it forms the tail end of the results of investigate findings. A explore can be faced with braggy challenges due to a wrong choice of the method to be utilize. To exclude this satisfactory planning of the method is essential and much in nine to get reliable results. The issue of reliability establishes that a research should give up the ability to show consistency in the results even after a excogitate is done by different researchers repeatedly.Reliability in research study can alike be enhanced finished good structure of the methodology. When the correct info draw inion methods are used, proportional samples are collected and the correct method of analysis is used in a research can achieve validity. In a research, the research worry forms the basis of research (Morgan et al. ,1980), and this is where the study should fo cus on. The methodology can puddle on either the positivist approach also cognize as the quantitative, or take the post positivist approach also known as the soft approach.The soft approach is a more elaborate than the quantitative approach as it lays more emphasis on the better details of the data and in most cases, it involves a researchers judgment and interpretation. Quantitative approach deals more with quantification like calculating the universe sample, population size among others. The choice of the researcher on either the qualitative or the quantitative approach depends on whether the research/study is addicted to the natural sciences or the social sciences (Finch, 1986) (Easterby-Smith et al. 1991). 3. 1 Role of the ResearcherThe exercise of the researcher is an integral part of the evaluative process in the qualitative research. I am a certified teacher of mathematics, music and childlike education. Prior to the classroom, more than ten years were spent in indem nification investigative claims work. The occupation include extensive on-the-job training in organization, communion and interviewing skills. I was also deployed to Kuwait and Afghanistan, respectively, and take for over 15 years in the United States military acquiring certain advance as a planner, liaison, administrator and human resource specialist.Co-operative inquiry involves at least four different kinds of epistemology in other linguistic process, ways of erudite. presentational knowing results from experiential knowing and provides the first form of expression by means of narratives and variant expressions of art. Presentational knowing is expressed through ideas and theories. Practical knowing is modeling how to do whatsoeverthing and is portrayed in a skill or competence. These epistemologies are compatible with each other.If knowing is grounded in experience, expressed through stories and im advances, understood through sounds ideas, and expressed in worthwhile a ction in ones life, then knowing allow be more valid (Reason, 1999). 3. 2 Research Design To appropriately analyze the role players stories, the research allow employ a narrative material that serves as a screen through which the story of the thespian whitethorn be examined. This method also becomes an avenue for which the participant may critically reflect on his own perspectives in club to construct or reconstruct meaning in his own life world.The considerable narrative analysis approach requires a level of scholarship and sensitivity which I am preparing to employ. This approach involves a human science observer that is a sensitive of the subtleties of everyday life. Ardent reading of relevant texts of the humanities, history, philosophy, anthropology and the social sciences as they pertain to the domain of interest is a main ingredient to the effectuality of this proposed research (van Manen, 1990).For this study, the researcher actively participates in examining the exp eriences of a translator in the delivery of translation of language and culture amidst the socio-political challenges of the past. Qualitative research is alpha in nature and is best suited for understanding phenomena. The approach should preserve pragmatic for the researcher in order to remain in a provisional state with regard to applicable variables or desirable themes which may alter appropriate examination of the individuals experiences. 3. 3 entropy Collection MethodsDuring my 12 month deployment as a liaison officer, I commenced amicable discourse with each of the translators who accompanied me to the daily meetings. During my tenure, I in use(p) in many open discussions concerning heathenish and social differences, nuances in communication and language disparities. After a few months, I presented some of my proposal ideas and opened discussion to the possibility of participation in a study I was contemplating. Several of the translators asked me to serve as their advo cate in order to petition for the United States Special Visa.So, over the last year, many of these translators have since relocated to various communities in the United States. Both secondary and primary feather data sources entrust be used. The triangulation method of data assemblage will involve the use of interviews, literary works review and case studies (Zikmund 2003, pp. 1-745). The primary data method that was used is the questionnaire method of data collection. Questionnaires were distributed among the Afghan officials, Liaison officers, and interpreters. on that point were also case studies that were conducted for other three countries to know about the experiences of interpreters in the other countries compare with the ones in Afghanistan. This also drew an appreciation of the various experiences of interpreters in other countries. There was the use of literature review in order gather teaching on the educational and ethnic experiences of interpreters generally. The literature in this research included research journals, books, articles and sources from university libraries (Dick, 2000).Interviews also form apposite component data collection methods. This enabled the get of a clear belief of the plight and life of Afghan interpreter, their mode of operations, factors affecting them and future predictions on their cultural and educational experiences. The four categories of quality management in research were highly considered. They include validity, reliability, ethics and hard knocks (Zikmund, 2003). Reliability of a research is its ability to have consistence in results.This was done through controlling the sample by stratifying the population to get a more delegate sample. Validity is the ability of a scale to verse what it is intended to measure but not going beyond the topic of the study. The triangulation method was used to control this aspect in research. Ethics involves adherence to the norms accepted in gathering of informatio n. This was ensured by providing secrecy on the information collected from the subjects. The rigor of the research was directed towards efficient sample size in a critical facet in any investigation.The main purpose a researcher will utilize a sample is to reduce the charges and collect classical data faster (Zikmund, 2003). The key purpose of data collection was to ensure a rich set of description was obtained. To achieve this, the interviews were tinned in real time by the interviewer. The responses were then reduced and analyze by adopting principles of data codification and clustering (Miles et al, 1994). 3. 4 Sources Researches normally desire on secondary data to enable them gain initial insight into the research problem.The classification of secondary sources of information is on the basis of natural or external sources referring to information acquired within the organization or alfresco the organization. The secondary sources are liked for their cost saving aspects and time saving. tributary sources of information are supposed to be searched prior to conducting primary research, and unremarkably for the literature review section of a research. This is because secondary information provides multipurpose background that identifies main questions and all other issues that will need to be tackled by the primary research (Steppingstones, 2004).The disadvantages that are associated with the use of the secondary sources chain of mountains from the unavailability of pertinent information on the research topic, to the integrity, accuracy, and reliability of some secondary sources. Other disadvantages associated with secondary sources arise where data is available in a format other than that required by a researcher, and the age of the information particularly where the information is several years old and may not reflect the present circumstances.This makes it necessary to limit secondary information to sources which are not more than six years old ( Steppingstones, 2004). The data gathered for this research is from a wide range of documentary sources relating to the cultural and educational experiences of interpreters in general as well as those specifically relating to the plight and livelihood of the Afghan interpreters. These mainly included policy documents, academic and the non-academic documents. First, journals on livelihood of Afghan interpreters were searched.Second, electronic databases were searched using key words like interpreters, translators Afghan interpreters and experiences of Afghan interpreters. Third, Afghan government website for International communication and the website for the International Security Assistance Force were searched. Literature review included both conceptual and empirical works with about 25 articles reviewed for this study. 3. 5 Interviews Interviews in a research are useful in getting information behind a participants experiences.This is particularly important because an interviewer ma y be able to pursue in-depth information regarding the topic of study, and also the fact that interviews serve as follow-ups to responses obtained from questionnaires. Qualitative research interview should assay to give a description and meaning of central themes regarding the experiences of the subjects, by want to cover both the factual and meaning level. It was important that a direct interview approach was adopted so as to ensure that same general areas of information are gathered from each interviewee (Valenzuela et al., 2004). The interviews dwelt on the future(a) areas Educational and cultural background of interpreters. The relationship between educational background and cultural background of the afghan interpreters. How the educational and cultural backgrounds shape the livelihood and experiences of the afghan interpreters. What the future hold for the afghan interpreters and their plight given the control educational background as well as the rigid cultural back grounds. Once the data is collected through the open-ended interview process, the documents will be transcribed.After transcription, to ensure a correct analysis of the data, the participant will be shown the transcription and asked if what is written is aligned with their viewpoints. The data will then be analyzed from the transcription. Qualitative research is exploratory in nature and is best suited for understanding phenomena. The approach should remain pragmatic for the researcher in order to remain in a tentative state with regard to applicable variables or desirable themes which may enable appropriate examination of the individuals experiences.

Dulce Et Decorum Est And The Soldier

Dulce et decorum est is indite regarding the jump World warfare in the hindsight of the battle of the Somme. This sequestrates a somewhatwhat distrustful view on warfare. The soldier by Rupert Brooke on the other travel by takes a very strong patriotic feel and this shines through more than(prenominal) then anything else.The soldier paints a picture of English serenity and whereas dulce et. portrays Owens evoke at the indifference of those at home who continued to propagate lies. You stack see the influence of Siegfried Sassoon in this piece. The language is more direct and awful guttering, choking, drowning helps convey the grievance in the air. In the soldier the language is slight(prenominal) deplorable and has a feel more of a love song her sights and sounds under an English Heaven this coupled with the fact that the poem is written as a sonnet reiterates the feel of Love.Both poems are establish on terminal in Wars. How eer Brooke paints a more glamorised and less direct picture of death if I should die, think only this of me That theres some corner of a foreign fieldblest by suns of home. This evokes the grand image of a perfect England in a Golden age, such as populacey believe existed immediately prior to the First World War. This does however expose the arrogance that Brooke perhaps had. It places too much importance on his own sacrifices and not on the general sacrifices organism made by so many, and on the loss of a authority of life, which the war would baffle out like many other First World War poets such as Edward Thomas and Charles Hamilton Sorely.Owen on the other hand almost haunts the commentator exploitation fiery vocabulary to help depict the shocking death of a soldier guttering, Choking, Drowning. Owen clearly wanted to address the people at home and suggests to them that if, in their worst nightmares, they could re-live this experience, they would not keep repeating that it is well and sweet to die for your country. He is saying that no one who has witnessed these horrors could ever encourage anyone to take part in such a war. He had already pointed out the exhaustion of the soldiers drunk with fatigue deaf steady to the hoots helping the reader to visualise the lack of awareness of the soldiers. This certainly entrust give the reader a much more negative take on the war contaray to the over-hyped propaganda war that those at home believe.Brooke conveys the image that was painted by the media in Britain at the time of the war and even in death, he believes he cannot remove that sense of pride from him and his passing result not be in vain if, at home in England people are, once again happy and at peace. He feels that by his death he will have given back to England everything, and more, that it gave to him. The satisfaction and security earned by his sacrifice will buy his staring(a) peace this heart, all evil shed away, A pulse in the eternal mind Owen continues his cynicalism of the war in the last verse using necessarily harsh and wicked language come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs. They fling the man into a wagon, because they know there is no point in being gentle- he will soon be dead anyway. The description of his grammatical case and eyes And watch the white eyes writhing in his depend gives him a ghost-like quality. This verse is intended to demonstrate the realism of a violent, spare death hence it builds to a crescendo of anger, before a last earnest plea to stop the lies.These two poems could be no more different. The soldier is a poem supporting the war in a way not too dissimilar to the way the media in that time promoted it whilst Dulce Et decorousness Est is a pessimistic take on a war that was conveyed by the British media as far from the truth as possible. Owen wanted the British people to know the truth about the war and expressed these feelings top hat in his poetry. Brooke in contrast went along with the glamorized image that had been portrayed by the media, which wasnt a fair reflection on the war.

Phoenix Advertising Agency Roanoke Branch

A parasitic disease is delimitate as any disease resulting from the presence of any life bicycle stage of parasite. Cheyletiella be mites that live on the skin, causing irritation, dandruff, and itchiness. A distinguishing feature of this mite species are the large, claw-like mouth parts. These mites rear be found preferably commonly on cats, dogs, lapins, and other species. though valet de chambre are not a natural host for this parasite, Cheyletiella mites can happily live on humans for a while, causing an itchy rash.Cheyletiella parasitovorax, besides known as walking dandruff, is a mild dermatitis ca lend oneselfd by fur mites in rabbits. Its often referred to as walking dandruff as the mite can sometimes be seen moving under the dandruff scales. It is primarily transmitted by involve contact between infested and non-infested rabbits. The mites can survive in the environment for some(prenominal) days, so spread whitethorn also occur finished colly hay or bedding. The presence of fur mites is not always short to determine. When present, Cheyletiella parasitovorax is most likely to be found on the dorsum and sleep with of the rabbit.Signs and symptoms include thinning of the hair over the shoulders and back, red oily bald patches over the back and head, dandruff, and mild-to-moderate pruritus. Rabbits may not show any signs of infestation. Though sometimes Cheyletiella mites can be seen moving about on the skin, in many cases they can be quite difficult to find . diagnosing is made by identification of the mite. This may be possible with the in the buff eye or using a magnifying glass in heavier infestations. In other cases it may be necessary to examine hair or skin scrapings under a microscope.Examining dandruff, hairs or scrapings of the skin under the microscope can positively identify the mites or eggs. By combing the coat of an infested rabbit over a piece of black report and observing the paper for moving dandruff is another way a diag nosis is made. There are several different apportionments available. The veterinarian usually determines which one is best for the rabbit. more or less commonly word involves a course of either injections or issue on treatments. Dips in lime sulfur and injections of ivermectin have been used to treat an infestation with these mites.The rabbit should be re-examined at the end of the course of treatment to keep in line that the infestation has cleared completely. It is just as important to ensure that the environment is properly treated, in order to avoid re-infestation. This is done by removing all hay, bedding, and toys. Once removed disinfect them thoroughly, then use an insecticidal conceal or spray that is effective against Cheyletiella. Some veterinarians recommend preventative treatment with kitten-strength Revolution for rabbits who are particularly prone to mite infestations.Dosage amount and absolute frequency will be determined by the size of the rabbit, along with its health check history. There is no vaccine available to prevent this disease. Cheyletiella is considered to be a possible zoonotic infection. Most people are exposed through handling of infested pets. Infection is typically transient and self-limiting in people because perpetual contact with infected animals is needed to maintain infection with humans. Occasionally humans exposed to this parasite will develop mild skin lesions.These may be itchy and can form open sores in real severe cases. Anyone handling diseased rabbits should thoroughly wash their hands and use appropriate caution to prevent from being infected. Cheyletiella parasitovorax isnt a reportable disease. I would educate clients about Cheyletiella by use of posters, charts and pictures. I would also send home brochures and websites for them to read over. These materials would describe the cause, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Cheyletiella.

Money spent on space researches Essay

throughout the history of man salmagundi, we creation have always been eager to explore the foundation and home around us. Many developed countries have been funding the investigate programs aim at developing and improving the engineering science for space geographic expedition. On the other(a) hand, several research programs aim at improving the type of life and providing the basic necessities of life to needy people have not been implemented due to lack of funds, In my opinion money and movement spends on space exploration is a complete a rich expenditure for the next generation. The space exploration gives us a extensive advantage to the world much(prenominal) as the space exploration helps us understand the universe that we live in gather knowledge and understanding of different celestial bodies around us.it give us proper education about whats happening around the world so essentially roughly of countries had used to do their daily routing by using non kind of t echnologies which leave behind help to maintain its expanse needs. Furthermore the space exploration has wind up in the sky while improving its technology now it had already become an indispensible part of every developed countries. meanwhile space transmits and some other equipments had already creation laid around the earth satellites can update its selective information through the data transmission method that used to communicate between earth and space. gum olibanum sciences had improved gradually in case of space exploration In spite of fetching the disadvantages of forecasting, the science had found out the more advance, perfect and fastest technology called weather updates through the satellite and it can discern natural Disasters like storms on before it happens in particular country of state. Nevertheless space exploration is almost interesting concept for most of the people for some reasons as follows it creates us a clear setting about the space, universe where we are living.In this particular option people were able to use Global Positioning System (GPS) it gives the vast advantages such as finding the position wherever and every corner of the earth. deep down this option it can be provide for many purposes nowadays the transport transportation increased due to population and everyones wanted run short around the world without facing any troubles so the aviation has wander up while using GPS so in this particular cartridge clip the technology has improved and the GPS systems had already provided in aircrafts. In spite oftaking the risk of passengers on the craft the ingenious scientist had developed the technology.According to impudent sciences there are plenty of advantages on space exploration. On the other hand space exploration can be help to value earth from non-kind of destruction on space such as comet, meteors and sudden space explosions. When it does began to floating it carries most destructive parts around space so in t his case those exploded meteors can be feat on our milky way. Throughout that space exploration we humans cannot withal find what kind of a distress that earth is going to show not only earth it could be incidence to another orbiter too. So in the particular time technology can be help to protect earth. Moreover we have most sophisticated, advanced satellite systems which can detect those kind destructive fragments before its launching to our ozone layer.So under these, we humans can live safe and sound. In general the population among the countries had gradually increasing, the extent of living areas getting reduced. roughly other significant resources such as water, pure oxygen levels will be reduce. So that the villages are being transformed into cities and the cities are being more and more populous. Moreover when the population is increasing there should be and limits in wants. So the food industries needs to maintain the market, suppliers of daily necessities essential have to go for alternative options to balance the market and people needs. flat though marketers tries to provide alternative options when there is a crisis, in the same way throughout space exploration many of scientists had anticipated and discovering awful space objects and their researching about the conditions on particular space objects whereas earth the humans can live comfortably on those planets.

Reflection of Daily Nutrition Intake Essay

HypothesisMy daily caloric intake is expect to be higher than the recommended eachowance of carbohydrates, lipids and sodium however, it is expected to be put down than the recommended allowance for proteins, minerals, and vitamins.ResearchIn the United States, people use intimately their entire food budget on processed foods which often start out been treated with chemicals after being harvested or butchered. These chemicals argon additives and preservatives which be substances think to change the food before it is purchased by customers. Additives buns be flavorings that heighten the foods taste, dyes that alter the chroma, and dietary additives, such as vitamins, minerals, dipper acids and other supplements. Preservatives argon used to extend a products shelf vitality by preventing bacterial or fungal growth, oxidation (which can fit to the discoloration or rancidity), or inhibiting the natural ripening of fruits and vegetables. Packaging is considered an substantiati ve sustenance Additive because it can add substances to the food it protects. A viridityalty preservative in the food that I eat is called propionic acid, which prevents mold in bread. Also, most processed foods rely on additives to restore the flavor that is mixed-up in processing or create new flavors altogether.For example McDonalds chicken products like Chicken McNuggets add chicken flavor. A food additive is considered fit for humans consumption after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves it. However, this decision can prove to be execrable because when certain chemicals are added to processed food products, some of these food and color additives provoke an allergic reaction or other critical soundlyness problems. For example, monosodium glutamate (MSG) causes headaches, nausea, weakness, difficulty breathing, drowsiness, rapid heartbeat, and chest pain. This can be avoided because it is required for all of the ingredients to be listed on the food label. Unfort unately, additives and preservatives are often unclear as to what they complicate. Saturated fat is set up in foods from animals and certain types of plants. Foods from animals include beef, lamb, pork, lard, fowl fat, and other dairy products made from milk. Foods from plants that contain saturated fat include coconut, tropical oils, and cocoa butter.Two types of unsaturated fat are polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. They are found mostly in fish, nuts, seeds and oils from assorted plants. Trans-fatty acids are found in small amounts in various animal products such as beef, pork, lamb and the butterfat in butter and milk. Both polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats are considered to be healthy because they may help lower whizs note cholesterol level when replacing saturated and trans fats. Unsaturated fatty acids are found in two different types cis and trans. These terms refer to the total heat atoms physical positioning around the carbon chain. The cis form is more common than the trans form. In some studies hydrogenated fats, or trans fats, mostly raised the total beta-lipoprotein cholesterol level and lower the HDL cholesterol levels. This could result in the heightened risk of heart disease. necessity Vitamins and Minerals are often called micronutrients because only a small portion is needed to live a healthy modus vivendi. Without these micronutrients one is almost guaranteed to become infected with a disease like scurvy, cecity or rickets. Although they are both considered micronutrients, vitamins and minerals differ in basic ways. Vitamins are organic and can be broken down by heat, air, or acid. Minerals on the other hand are inorganic and hold on to their chemical structure. Essential Vitamins include Fat-Soluble and Water-Soluble Vitamins. The water-soluble vitamins are B and C and the fat-Soluble Vitamins are A, D, E, and K. The fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and K. Firstly, Vitamin A is vital for good vision, prevents dark ness blindness, keeps mucous membranes healthy and is all important(p) for healthy skin and hair growth. Next, Vitamin D is found in foods obtained from the sun.It helps bones use the mineral calcium to gird strong bones and it prevents rickets. Also, Vitamin E helps breakdown polyunsaturated fats. It is an antioxidant that protects blood stall membranes from too much oxygen. Finally the fat-soluble Vitamin K is essential for the clotting of blood. It can be found in foods or produced in bacteria in the small intestines. The water-soluble vitamins are B and C. C is the most known vitamin, and is also referred to as ascorbic acid. It helps form collagen, grow and repair body wander and blood vessels, and prevent scurvy. However, too much Vitamin C can jumper lead to the creation of Kidney stones and the breakdown of red blood cells.Vitamin B is complex and has several(prenominal) different types such as B1 (Thiamine), B2 (Riboflavin), Naicin, B6, B12, and Folacin. Amino Acids a re organic compounds. They are the monomers of proteins and consist of both an aminic group and a carboxyl group. The human body is unable to synthesize certain amino acids called essential amino acids, the human body can synthesize all of the amino acids necessary to build proteins except for the ten called the essential amino acids.(Nave 1) For example, some of the essential amino acids are Leucine(leu) and Phenylalanine.ConclusionMy hypothesis was correct because as I cataloged my daily nutritional intake I found that the recommended allowance of carbohydrates, lipids and sodium is lower than what I eat and the recommended allowance for proteins, minerals, and vitamins is higher than what I eat. I am supposed to take in approximately 2000 calories a mean solar day and, on average, I only eat 900 calories a day. As I reflect on my daily nutritional intake I seduce that in order to have a completely healthy lifestyle I must have more essential vitamins and minerals as well as pr oteins in my diet.Works CitedAmerican Heart Association . Cholesterol. www.heart.org. American Heart Association , n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. . Helpguide helps you help yourself and others. Helpguide helps you help yourself and others. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. . Nave, R. Essential Amino Acids. Essential Amino Acids. University of Arizonas Biology befuddle , n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. . Sustainable Table. Food Additives, food additives pose threat The Issues

Bright Light Innovations SWOT Analysis Essay

A group of professional members of conscientious objector State University excited astir(predicate) developing and securities industryplaceing the growth The Star glister fit consumes 50 to 70 sh atomic number 18 less fuel than regular desexualiseing stoves The stove fusss electricity from a thermoelectric generator. Competitors do not claim the same(p) features as the Star brightness level Stove. Increase firm income because Starlight Stoves allows families to focus more(prenominal) than on earning more money rather than collecting fuel or wood to generate electricity The Starlight Stove costs less than the competitionWeaknessesThe university is a non-profit organization, fashioning it harder to find funding Working adults in Nepal make between $1 and $3 per dayLess than fractional of the Nepalese universe of discourse piece of tail readMarketing campaign demand to be adjusted establish on engineering science limitations wariness is launching its return in a ve ry unique culture with economic uncertainty that toilette catch many challenges to the teamOpportunitiesOffer an innovative product, Starlight Stove, where consumers butt end safely cook Expand to the Nepal foodstuff as the mood is accessible to promote the new-made product There is a target market of 89 percent of house find outs that need electricity in Nepal The Starlight Stove will directly set up to the reduction of erosion and flooding in Nepal Starlight Stove technologies stop profit household efficiency by more than 20 percent per day Children can focus more on education because Starlight generates more hours of lightThreatsStreams and rivers can pee micro-hydropower, allowing households to generate electricity at no additional cost Solar panels can offer electricity to many householdsNepals division into 75 districts creates a market segmentation that become a true challenge when introducing the new product The focus team notbeing fitting to find a funding inst itution that can yield loans to the Nepalese peopleEvaluation of Alternatives capable exculpated Innovations has a series of decideations that need to be reviewed earlier making final decisions. Introducing a new product on such a unique market can represent a lot of challenges for counsel (Mckeever, 2005). Culture and population ar important factors for management to evaluate before reaching onto this market (refer to Appendix A). There are undecomposed factors such as climate and social needs that make Nepal a strong market to deliver the stove lineage. However, funding and household income are big concerns for management because rase though there are a lot of strengths and opportunities for Bright shed light on Innovations in Nepal, treats and weaknesses can negatively partake the launching of the Starlight Stove in the Nepalese market. Management desires to be a for-profit business and in mold to make a profit they would baffle to sell the Starlight Stove for $80 per unit. As described in the case, there are close to 9.2 trillion households in Nepal, exclusively the GNI per capital is somewhat $400.Nepalese people do not make more than $3 per week, which limits management when making set decisions. Micro-financing competency be a possibility but they have to conceptualise that not all households have a fixed income. Consequently, finance institutions might be hesitant to provide loans to some of the families. Since management does not want to look to donations, grants, or government relief, they will have to reach onto business leaders, government members of Nepal, and other institutions to expose the product and all the benefits it can exploit to the orbit. As described above, some of the benefits of the Starlight Stove are offers an innovative technology where consumers can safely cook, contributes to reduce erosion and flooding in the area, increases household efficiency by more than 20 percent per day, and generates more hours of light which can help children focus more on education.If Bright lower Innovations decides to manufacture the Starlight Stove local anaestheticly, it can represent an increase in local jobs, income per capital, and childrens education. In addition, it can drastically decrease deforestation and indoor(a) air pollution (top ten causes of mortality). Therefore, strong selling strategies and decisions have to be stash awayd to in effect promote the Starlight Stove byout the 75 districts (60villages consisting of 450 villages). Management needs to carefully consider the marketing plan for this product since there are technology limitations and only half of the adults can read in Nepal. championship of RecommendationsMarket segmentation allows marketers to understand customers needs and identify target markets (Peter & Donnelly, 2011). Bright Light Innovations will be able to evaluate different segments to determine differential advantages in each of those segments. Furthermore, management will be able to determine any of the particular marketing mix for a more successful strategic plan. Market segmentation can be take ined by researching geographic data (zip code, region, etc), demographic data (age, occupation, nationality, etc), psychographic data (social status, personal type, etc), behavioural data (customer behavior), or any other data that can be beneficial to the research (Kawasaki, 2004). According to Hyman and Sierra (2010), before a serving or product is introduced into the market, the marketer needs to have a good understanding of the consumers needs and preferences. For that reason, it is recommended that management considers all of the limitations and challenges that the Nepalese market has for the Starlight Stove.Major decisions need to be made by management to effectively make profit on this product. Therefore, since there are similar characteristics in northern India, management should consider this other market as some other possible op tion (see Appendix B). India is a far more substantial country than Nepal. India is ranked in the lower-middle-income group with a GNI per capital of approximately $1500 (The World Bank, 2014). On the other hand, Nepal is ranked in the low-income group. There are other possible markets in South Asia that can be consider and might represent a less challenge, especially since management is looking for to make profit. Bright Light Innovations needs to consider GNI numbers before deciding where this product will be launched. Because there are technology limitations in Nepal, management will need to create a marketing campaign that can be clear and easy to understand by the Nepalese citizens. Magazines are always a great source of marketing, but these can represent a challenge in Nepal since only half of the adults can read and 11% of the households have electricity.Therefore, visuals and signs can be strategically placed among the different villages to target the corresponding distric ts. Bright LightInnovations can go to the schools and educate the children about how the Starlight Stove can benefit their families and their lives as they represent the future generations in Nepal. In this way, children can speak to their parents about everything they have learned about this new innovative and affordable new product. Management can also arrange meetings with each of the local governments to introduce the product and explain all the benefits that can bring to the local communities. In this way, local government officials can help Bright Light Innovations hold local gatherings with audio-visual systems that can attract as many villagers as possible. Management can speak to the crowd about the benefits of the Starlight Stove and demonstrate its features through a live demo or lively entertaining video.The earreach will get to know the product and understand the positive impact that can have for their families and environment. A market segmentation process has to be c reated to determine the households who have electricity and target the appropriate market to obtain an analysis of consumers needs and preferences (Fiore, 2005). Management will have to create a strategic marketing plan to reach those customers who already have electricity (e.g. solar panels) and might be interested in thriftiness money. According to Perreault, Cannon, and McCarthy (2013), marketers need to do a competitor analysis to comparing the strengths and weaknesses of your current (or planned) target market and marketing mix with what competitors are before long doing or are likely to do in response of your system (p. 63).For example, promotional materials are important factors in the success of a marketing plan (Horvth, Mitev, & Bauer, 2014). Management need to create advertisement with lots of visuals that provide information about the Starlight Stove to attract villagers from different areas. Bright Light Innovations needs to find a financial institution that can offe r flexible loans to the Nepalese villagers as household incomes vary from district to district. If the product is manufactured locally, which can save a lot of import taxes, management might consider establishing a discount program for the employees.As a result, more locals will be able to afford buying the Starlight Stove, increase brand name and brand loyalty throughout the villages. In forthwiths economy, marketing strategies have to be flexible enough to maintain market needs and preferences. The long-term success of a product comes from strategic marketing plan ideas and long-term marketingand brand building that can directly impact the competitiveness of a company, especially by differentiating it from competitors, and product placements part of long-term marketing and brand building (Kramoli & Kopekov, 2013, p. 98).ReferencesFiore, F. F. (2005). Write a business plan in no time. Que Publishing. Hayrynen, K. L. (2014). Its all about marketing. International Journal Of Metalc asting, 8(3), 7-12. Horvth, D., Mitev, A., & Bauer, A. (2014). Winning media strategies in the time of the economic crisis. Vezetstudomny / capital of Hungary Management Review, 45(2), 46-52. Hyman, M. R., & Sierra, J.J. (2010). Marketing research kit for dummies. Wiley Publishing, Inc. Kawasaki, G. (2004). The art of the start. Palo Alto, CA Portfolio. Kramoli, J., & Kopekov, M. (2013). harvest-home Placement A Smart Marketing Tool Shifting a Company to the Next Competitive Level. Journal Of Competitiveness, 5(4), 98-114. Perreault, W. D., Cannon, J. P., & McCarthy, E. J. (2013). Basic Marketing A Marketing Strategy Planning Approach. (19th ed). McGraw-Hill Irwin, Chicago, IL Peter, J. P., & Donnelly, J. H., Jr. (2011). Marketing management Knowledge and skills (10th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill.Sapkotas, C. (2013). Economic growth, trade & development policy. Retrieved from http//sapkotac.blogspot.com/2013/09/will-nepal-graduate-from-ldc-category.html The World Bank. (2013). Re trieved from http//data.worldbank.org/country/india Mckeever, M. P. (2005). How to write a business plan. (7th ed). Berkeley, CA Delta Printing Solutions, Inc.

Aunt Jennifers Tiger Essay

auntie Jennifers tigers is a poem by Adrienne Rich illustrating her feminist concerns. In the male dominant world, a women of her cartridge clip was only supposed to be a dutiful homemaker. This poem by the world of Aunty Jennifer, evidences us about her inner desire to scanty herself from the clutches of abusive marriage and patriarchal society. Poem Summary The number one stanza opens with Aunt Jennifers visual tapestry of tigers who are fearless of their environment. agleam topaz1 denizens2 of a world of green evoke an image that these regal tigers are unafraid of other beings in the jungle.Bright here signifies their powerful and beamy persona. There is a sense of certainty and confidence in the fashion these tigers move as can be seen in the line They cubic yard in sleek chivalric3 certainty. In the second stanza, the reality of Aunt Jennifer is revealed as she is feeble, weak and enslaved, very much the opposite of the tigers she was knitting. Her physical and psy chogenic trauma is depicted in the line find even the osseous tissue needle hard to pull.Even though a espousals ring doesnt weigh much, the massive weight of uncles spousal relationship band, sits heavily upon Aunt Jennifers hand signifies the amount of dominance her economise exercised over her. This also means that her inner waive spirit has been absorbed by the patriarchal society4. The last stanza starts on a creepy descent about Aunt Jennifers death. Even her death couldnt free her from the ordeals she went through which can be seen in When Aunt is dead, her terrified pass will lie still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by. eyepatch driving from her parents home to Cochin, she notices her mother sitting beside her dozing, her pose pale like a dead body and her apprehensions far away. This reminds her sorely that her mother is old and could pass away leaving her alone.Putting that thought aside she looked out at the young trees speeding by and children test out of their homes happily to play. These remind her probably of youth and life, her own junior days and her mother when she was young.But after the security check at the airport, looking back at her mother standing a few yards away, she finds her looking pale like the winter moon. She feels that familiar pain and puerility fear of the thought of losing her mother and of being lonely just as she had been when she was young because she was different from other children. She could only keep smiling and tell her see you soon knowing full well that she might not see her.

The meaning of beauty essay

I see that beauty Is In the eye of the perceiver. What one person would consider a flaw other might think it an adorable quirk. Since no one is Identical, this means theres no true definition of beauty. Its all based on our perception. First of all, the appearance we perceive beauty Is affected largely by the media. Growing up In a heavily media Influenced culture many people believe that being beautiful Is synonymous to being hot.In movies, the ugly female child rarely ever gets the guy. The way television portrays beauty Is wrong, and hurtful, because It reinforces the Idea that to be beautiful, you must be attractive. Beauty Is more than Just skin deep. The intelligence information beautiful encompasses the mind and soul of a person, not Just their corpse and face. Regardless, people may argue that the meaning of beauty Is Ingrained In us biologically. What we find naturally attractive helps us define who an holy person mate would be.But now that the arrival of our race doe snt depend on our reproduction, we faecal matter redefine the definition of beauty to suit our psychological needs. People devote ruined their health and taken unnecessary risks, since theyre willing to do some(prenominal) it takes to be beautiful. In conclusion, saying that beauty is in the eye of the beholder would embrace the fact that there are infinite definitions for this word. For this reason, I proceed that beauty is more than what is merely on the outside.

Article Critique on Sikolohiyang Filipino Essay

As normative concept, psychology study differs across because of different cultural underpingrounds and groundwork. As Sikolohiyang Philippine evolved and continues its study, it makes a mark on the world psychology as it drive a breakthrough to it. Despite of its greatest oponent The American psychological science. This bequeath extensively support the study of Virgilio G. Enriquez about Pagkataong Pilipino- The Value organisation of Philippine Psychology. Because I always wonder what value or values we should commit inorder to lead a non-violence living?If ever, we could identify this values, how could we imply this equ all in ally? Without every doubts after experienceing it? BODY As stated earlier Sikolohiyang Filipino has manufacture a breakthrough to world psychology. Because it basis everything from history, language, art and common guard a go at it of the people. And as it became a first indegeneous psychology ever thought at a university. We psychology students who have been studying some of this values and how thusly this affect fillipino polish. On our study we encounter lots of write-ups about Sikolohiyang Filipino.That the basis of sikolohiyang Philippine has been influenced by lots of cultures from other countries some from Western the others from eastern and ither Asian countries. Because of the colonialization brought to our country by other countries long time ago. That it become an breakthrough for world psychology. last. For me it plays a lot in the study of sikolohiyang filipino, because it refers to the practices and traditions that have been handed down from generation to generation. But then Change is the only if permanent thing in this world.And what it trying to prove is that culture changes. It was not very difficult to prove on the generation right instanteradays. Lets starting signal from the clothes they wear from the barot saya before influenced by the spanished colonial. Right now we had this skinny jeans, mi ni skirt, spaghetti strapped dress and lots more influenced by the american. And since we all know that we are know on the age of global technology where typewiters has been changed by computers and laptops, where snail mail evolved to electronic mails and cellular phones. That before it was bonny a WANT and now it became a NEED.Filipino culture is no exception. Filipino culture have indeed have changed through time. The Philippines is now the text capital of the world because we are the country that sends the most cast of text messages per day. Like how our culture did. That the before basis Three center field Concept of the values of the Phillipine Personality Theory the Kapwa, Pakiramdam and Kagandahang loob that has been interpreted as apportion identity, shared inner perception and shared humanity must be change. And its greatest winning oponent Kalayaan.That this basis was just now only a part of the history of Sikolohiyang Filipino. That it whitethorn be remembered again . Because like technology and lifestyle, sikolohiyang filipino must evolved too and join the new generation. We may erase or preserve and just add another basis. But before this die we need a lot of studies to conduct of what are the factors of having this kind of culture or behaviorism. But now is for us to prove that Sikolohiyang Filipino understood present and existing, that maybe some ways of filipino living may change but then we can preseve some of its importance.Value the contributions of this. And implement it again slowly and one by one. Maybe it needs a hard work angd a long time before having it back again but then we need to do it. To prove that we have our own. Originally our OWN REFERECE Indegeneous Filipino Values A Foundation for a Culture of Non-Violence by Paper prepared for the forum Towards A Culture of Non Violence,by Katrin de Guia, Ph. D. , author of Kapwa The Self in the Other, 2005 , Anvil Publishing Inc. , pasig, M. M. Virgilio G.Enriquez Pagkataong Fili pino-TheValue System of Philippine Psychology (From Colonial LiberationPsychology (U. P. Pree, C. C. , 1992) Nemzky Rethinking of Filipino Values (August 2012)from study mode. com IreMae1, Filipino Psychology (U. P. , November 2012)from study mode. com Kai0990, Understanding Filipino Psychology A intellection Paper from study mode. com Cracken, Filipino Psychology (July 2012) from study mode. com Andrea M. Bautista, Filipino Psychology (March 5, 2012) from study mode. com.

Leading and managing changes Essay

1.1BackgroundThe David Jones is iconic department depot in Australian sell industry, tho the winnings bring in of David Jones has been decrease beca manipulation of the quick retail environmental turns, unhealthy cultures, and global online attack. The problems of declining net net profit in David Jones be creating stag it essential to apply the more or less adequate qualify charge for comp any(prenominal). 1.2AimThe aim of this report is non merely applying the modification bangment theory, archetype, and mien for David Jones and David Jones chief operating officer, capital of Minnesota Zahra, entirely also supporting the arguments with incident studies in baffle to find practical solution. 1.3ScopeThis report presents the heap that a positive warning, modular transformation and additive neuter ar the close fitting channelize management theory that can be implemented for David Jones. Also, a coercive dash of management is a capable flare of managem ent for David Jones CEO, Paul Zahra. The findings and analysis of performance for each theory, influence, and air be justified by a critical comparison of the tilt management theories, models, styles and practical problem solution pillow slips. Moreover, the improvements for David Jones restructure are discussed.2.0 good example OF PLANNED CHANGE FOR DAVID JONES 2.1 David Jones issuesDavid Jones is the oldest department store in Australia and was established in 1838. Until 2010, David Jones worked successfully in the Australian market, especially from 2007 to 2010. During that time, the net profit of David Jones increase from $109.5 million to $156.5 million, but the significant growth in the net profit dropped slowly from $156.5 million to $101.1 million by 2012. The slow decrease in the net profit of David Jones is caused by unhealthy governingal culture, global online retail attacks and retail environmental agitates. In order to reconfirm David Joness importance in the A ustralian retail and con sum of moneyer market, the best planned salmagundi model has to be chosen for David Jones.2.2 Comparison ofplanned change models for David Jones Cummings and Worley (2009) summarise the differences of trinity major models of planned change. The first one is Lewins change and activity research model, which are more focused on fixing problems than concentrating on what the organisation does well and gaining those strengths. Also, Lewins change model, a three-stage model, claims that adaption of these forces master(prenominal)tain the condition quo, which leads to efficient schema for change (Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2007).The three-stage of Lewins change model is shown in figure 1(A). Moreover, the action research model is a cyclic bidding, which is determined by eight steps that fix problems exploitation shit research (Cummings & Worley 2009). Eight steps of action research are shown in figure 1(B). On the separate side, a positive model focuses on positive dynamics in an organisation that improves the extraordinary results (Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2014, p. 39). This model is describe by in five steps, which is shown in figure 1(C). find 1 The comparison of planned change models (Cummings & Worley 2009, p.25)2.3 Positive model for David Jones check to David Jones case study, the positive model of planned change is the best suitable one for David Jones because it is proved that in order to survive with todays uncertainty and huge competitive lineage environment, organisations need to focus on more line of merchandise environmental changes than fixing the organisational problems (Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2014, p. 39) Cristian-Liviu (2013, p. 1690) notes that the resistance for change causes the disaster of strategic implementation because employees try to maintain their culture.Also, Ruxandra and Camelia (2013, p. 127) observe that resistance to change may create lots of problems during the change act upon such as activity drawl, activity slow-down, delays in launching and change march, and delayed and inefficient performance. Sandra and Tracy (2012) indicate that bad novels in transmission line organisation leads to poor financial outcomes, and external and internal crisis. it is supported by case studies that the linkage between inability of identifying of retail environmental changes and Zahras tonic fork over plan for David Jones failed because after the new-made rescue plan of Zahra, net profit and share price continued to decrease.Moreover, the case study verbalize that it may be a good five years out front strategy can be assessed properly (Waddell Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2014). On the other hand, Lewins change model or action research model is not suitable for David Jones case because of focusing on more problems in the organisation than concentrating on retail environmental changes. The result of implementation of Lewins change model or action research model would be le d to the strategic trouble. The possibility of positive model of planned change for David Jones makes it inevitable for the company to use positive model.3. THE CURRENT RESTRUCTURE OF DAVID JONES3.1 watercourse business restructure analysisEven though this report agrees with the up-to-date restructure and rescue plan of David Jones, which were divided main three separate including eleven subparts that are renovating store policies, focusing its core strengths, and transferring from traditional business to technologically oriented business, I want to add two main parts that are sustainable nurture and focused merchandise strategy. 3.2 Recommended changes for David JonesIn order to achieve best results, David Jones should consider the following choices. Sustainable training The speedy changes in business environment are needed and involve to learn every innovations for business organisations in order to dominate their topical market. It is proved that in the todays interconne cted world, the success of organisations and aggroups depends on how much they can use and operate new information and converse technologies that changes business environment (Ancona, Bresman & Caldwell 2009). Also, Blanchard (2009) notes that coaching for their employees lead to successful organisation within the unpredictable changes, but the new rescue plan has no any special training and coaching for their employees.It is a big disadvantage of new rescue plan that has been causing the decreasing net profit of David Jones and failure of strategic implementation. Moreover, it is supported by case study that although David Jones had excellent node service in the fast, but it has decreased over the years. Focused trade strategy Another disadvantage of new rescue plan is unfocused marketing strategy. Accordingto case study, new strategic plan did not include any focused marketing plans, which target customers and profitable markets. Also, David Jones could not identify ever-cha nging customer behaviours and profitable buyers. It is supported that new economic order has changed the buyers market, which is that a twenty-four share of buyers in Australian population has balanced fifty-four percent of discretionary spending, but David Jones has been concentrating on fifty percent of buyers, who are only twenty-four percent of discretionary spending in Australian population.The combination of lack of marketing strategy and non-target sales activities cause the inefficient strategy implementation. In addition, Nemcova & and Dvorak (2011) evince that the strategic management of electronic commerce is concentrating essentially on customers, but David Jones focuses on more result s than concentrating on customers. The possibility of sustainable training and marketing strategy supporting strategic implementation of David Jones makes it necessary for the David Jones to add sustainable training and marketing strategy for their strategic plan. 4. outgo OF CHANGE FO R DAVID JONES4.1 Comparison of graduated table changeDuring the unpredictable changing business environment, the scale of change helps to organisation in order to achieve optimum result how much change the organisations. This process is divided by from fine-tuning organisational outgrowth to corporate transformation (Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2014, p. 52). Fine-tuning This changing process is performed at di stackal or departmental level as disturbing between organisations structure, strategy, people and activities.Incremental change Change process that in order to match changing environment, corporate business structures, strategies and management process are always adapted.Modular transformation Modular change concentrating on more changing and redesigning one or more division than changing hale organisation.Corporate transformation Corporate transformation brings about whole organisational transformation.4.2 Suitable scale of change for David JonesFor David Jones, the most s uitable of scale of changes are modular transformation and incremental change the reason why in the case study, although new strategy of David Jones was implemented in order to matchbetween retail environmental change and strategic performance, it faced failure because of performing too late. Firstly, in order to dominate online and retail market, David Jones has to use the modular transformation that renovates some divisions including information technology, marketing and strategy and forgiving resource. By renovating the inability of divisions, it reduces the risk of failure of strategic implementations because Poblador (2014) notes that the failure of organisational strategy is sometimes caused by unexpected responses from the organisation itself, especially its employees behaviours that indicates corporation culture. It is showed that using corporate transformation is more risky for David Jones than using modular transformation. later on that modular transformation process wou ld be finished and are matched business environment changes, David Jones should be applied to use incremental change process in order to maintain and dominate its retail market. Also, it is supported that the alimentation of changing environmental situations are accomplished by keeping incremental changes (Poblador 2014, p.143). fine-tunning is not suitable for David Jones because between 1960s and 1970s fine-tuning was implemented successfully in organisation, but todays uncertainty business environment is needed by different change process (Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2014). Also, case study said that even though unhealthy organisational culture take over been causing for losing net profit of David, main reason for David Jones is retail environmental change especially online trade, new economic order and technological revolution.On the other side, the decrease of net profit in David Jones was caused by online trade, new economic order, technological revolution and unhealthy organ isational culture, and majority of profit in David Jones is earned by traditional department stores, it is not necessary to make whole organisational change in order to match retail environmental changes. It is proved that Ford Plastics was implemented in an organisation-wide change in order to match its external environmental change, but it faced the failure in brief (Graetz et al. 2002, p.32). All the evidence shows that the modular transformation change and incremental change are the most suitable change process for David Jones. 5. APPROPRIATE musical mode OF MANAGEMENT FOR DAVID JONES CEO PAUL ZAHRA5.1 Comparison of style of managementThe style of management is described by Australian researchers Doug Stace and Dexter Dunphy. The main head of the style of management is that unpredictable business environment is required and demanded the rapid changes for organisation to achieve their strategic goal. Using style of management for organisation, which is described by from collab orative to coercive, makes it easier to be employed (Waddell, Cummings & Worley 2014). Collaborative Employees are mired in making significant decisions about organisational future and change performance.Consultative According to consultation, employees bring about organisational change, but for goal setting, they involved limited participation. The goal setting is done by expertise or responsibility. Directive Main form of significant decisions about organisational future and change performance are made by managerial authority and direction. positive One of forcing authorities, which are outside parties, managers and executives imposes to change on key concourse in the organisation.5.2 The most suitable style of management for Paul ZahraFor David Jones CEO Paul Zahra, the most affordable style of management is coercive because the prospicient term performance results of sixty teams are estimated that empowering team leader leads to high work performance for teams over time than a directive team leaders because of higher level of team coordination, empowerment, learning, and mental model developing (Natalia, Matthew & Henry 2013). collaborative and consultative are not suitable for David Jones because Phil (2012) estates that the most efficient change management for overpowering companies were brought by the combination of tough clear vision of change and sponsorship from the top.Also, it is supported that the commitment of top management for change creates energy for action within the organisation, which leads to a successful vision (Graetz et al. 2002). according to Jaroslav (2013), the directive style leads to lower capacity for the average beach sales clerks, which is proved by banking sector in Slovakia. It is showed like David Jones menstruation situation the reason why net profit of David Jones has been decreasing, which proves that the directive style is not suitable for David Jones. case study said that not only the board of David Jones has b een supporting Zahras vision of change, but also the rapid changes in retail businessenvironment are needed to manage quickly because the business environment changes and competitors do not wait David Jones. To sum up, the possibility of coercive management style to be used successfully in rapid changes business environment makes it necessary for the David Jones CEO Paul Zahra to use coercive management style.6.0 ConclusionIt can be seen that the most affordable suitable planned change model for David Jones is Positive model, and scale of change is modular transformation with incremental change. Moreover, the best suitable style of management for David Jones CEO Paul Zahra is coercive. Furthermore, even thought this paper agrees with the restructure of David Jones, sustainable training and focused marketing strategy would be added for David Jones rescue plan. In conclusion, the combination of Positive change model, modular transformation with incremental change, coercive style of ma nagement, sustainable training, and focused marketing strategy leave alone support David Jones strategy achievement. Also, the improvements for David Jones restructure are discussed.