The Use of Metaphors, Repetition of Words and Biblical References in Obama’s Speech of Inauguration Based on “Analyzing Political Discourses” Theory and Practice by Paul Chilton

The bust of metaphors, repeating of oral communication and biblical references in Obamas actors line of inauguration establish on Analyzing Political Discourses Theory and Practice by capital of Minnesota Chilton scrap of Words 2589 Introduction Political discourses argon made to impress, persuade and to emphasise likings to change a country. Politicians use specialized writers to write for them their discourses or use a lot of snip to write one, as governmental discourses argon important for the future off get in. For grammatical case To be voted by the people or explain bad situation on an adequate way so that the people dont offended.To achieve this conclusion, several methods are utilize. however in this essay I go out focus on metaphors, the repeat of specified words and the use of Biblical references, using methods apt(p) by capital of Minnesota Chilton in his book Analyzing Political Discourse, Theory and Practice. As experimental territory I utilize the i naugural speech of advocate Obama, which he used for his first great dealdidature to be muster up the president of the f completely in States of the States. The bringing by Barrack Obama eject be set in the Appendix. My goal is non only to get hold what and how he used the methods scarcely similarly what goal he tried to achieve.It is important to confirm close to background in ashesation and what the people thought of him. As for America and early(a) parts in the world, Obama stands for a brand-new ideology, he promises America interrupt healthcare, the end of the War and solutions to many problems, ever emphasizing that this goal mountain only achieved as a team/landed estate but does he succeed to give us this image? What tricks did he use? What is a metaphor? metaphors are used in political discourses to replace words that the audience doesnt want to hear or could react badly. only if what is a metaphor?In literary use, a metaphor (from the classic metapherin rhetorical trope)1 is defined as an indirect comparison amidst two or more subjects that are typically linked by a is a to join the two subjects. As an example we contribute comeback following sentence This Man is a beast . This is an elliptical form to emphasize the sentence that the Man is like a beast. capital of Minnesota Chilton is the cerebration that, Metaphors, qua models of political realities, as he calls them, are part of political discourses of forthwith and used as vehicles to bring an opinion to a target. 2 We realize at a time that all of us speak in metaphors whether we realize it or not.For example Mark Johnson, a philosopher, suggests that metaphors not only make our thoughts more shining and interesting but that they actually structure and individualize our perceptions and understanding much(prenominal) that each person has a different understanding and thoughts about a universal subject. 3 Metaphor is for many people a device of poetic and rhetorical imagi dry land and breakment rather than the ordinary language, which is wrong as proven above. Metaphor outline in Barrack Obamas Speech In the following points I testament reveal several metaphors Obama used and will try to reveal why he used them.But likewise the Biblical references used as a metaphor, or as a bridge to transfer his Ideas. 1. CHANGE IS A MOVEMENT Citation out of the Speech 1) Forty-four Americans boast now taken the presidential oath. The words pick up been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the understood waters of peace. 2) The infer/write head we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works whether it helps families find jobs at a mightily wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to incline send. Where the answer is no, programs will end. In the first course credit rising tides and politic waters are used as obtain playing areas, whereas the target domain is the word prosperity and peace. As it can be seen in the phrases rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace here, the movement is a change of location (rising) or a stationary moment (still). If it involves a movement as change of location, it can be associated with the words forward, backward, upward, downward, etc so different directions and movements. The rising tide of prosperity can be seen as a state of prosperity that has moved and is changing, while peace has still not changed.This movement of which Obama is talking about can also be seen as a flow of natural force (the rising tides) and aggregate (still waters). In the metaphoric expression in commendation 2) the part which acts as source is the phrase We intend to move forward and programs will end where Obama is talking about the ideas of the US-government to provide jobs and a bettor social warranty. 4 In both metaphorical expressions, I think Obama wants to specialize us that all pr esidents of America had taken the presidential oath to develop America.All of their effort had the aim of raising economic development and prosperity and that all of these can only be achieved as a nation with a strong political support from the people. So, the WE as a nation, which he uses a lot in his speeches. 2. POLITIC IS A JOURNEY 1) This is the move we ride out today. We remain the approximately prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. 2) Our voyage has never been one of short cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted for those who take leisure to work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame.Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things some famed but more often men and women obscure in their labor, which have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom. In the metaphorical expression of the first citation the part which acts as a source domain is the phrase This is the journey we proce ed today whereas the focus of the citation is the American Political life. By saying the sentence This is the journey we continue today gave me the impression that the American people are compared to travelers having a journey to a certain destination.Even though we lie with that politics is no journey as such but can be seen as such in a metaphorical way. In the metaphorical expression of the uphold citation the part that interacts as source is the phrase Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted whereas the target is also the American political life, like in the first citation with another(prenominal) connotation but keeping the idea of a journey in mind. We can see that in both citations have the same idea of a journey which is given to the audience.The idea arsehole is that the audiences who are composite in political life are like travelers on a journey, with their common need in life seen as the goal o f this journey. The political activities and relation is their vehicle used to reach the goal of common interest. 5 3. scriptural REFERANCES AS A LIFESTYLE The citations I used here are taken again in a separate chapter using the theoretic rapprochement given by capital of Minnesota Chilton in part triple chapter 10. 1)We remain a young nation, but, in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. 2) be intimate is patient, grapple is kind.It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no personality of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, and always perseveres. Love never fails. In the foremost citation the source domain given is the phrase time has come to set aside childish things where he targets the lifestyle of the Americans. It gives the impression that the fights they had about polit ical problems are childish and that they should focus to strive a common goal.In the second citation he uses the same idea, again using a citation out of a religious text using as source domain Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking like before the target is the lifestyle of the Americans which Obama criticizes. It is clear that through these citations Obama tries to reason the population quoting biblical references. Comparing America with childhood and telling them that through love only, again the idea of working(a) unneurotic, all goals can be achieved.I wont go deeper into this comparison as I will come back to it later on in the text. Frequency of words To see what words Obama used in his speech frequently and how many times we had to know how many words are in his whole speech, which lies around 2403 words. As such I was fitting to give the percentage of the most used words. The word Obama laid the most emphasizes is WE which he used 62 times, which can be understood as his speech is about working together as a nation and is also a word used in his slogan Yes WE can. Other words he used frequently are6 KeywordRepeatsDensity state 12 0,50 in the altogether 11 0,46America 9 0,37 Today 7 0,29 tidy sum 7 0,29 The repeating of these words engenders with the listeners as such the listener will always believe this words and will combine them with the discourse of Obama. As for mind manipulation it is the repetition that stays in our mind. 7When we are education or looking at advertisements or when we are learning a song, we always repeat them until we know them by heart. In the case of merchandising the advertisements are kept easy and shown more than one so that they stick in our minds and when we have to choose between two product we will chose the one we know or that we can remember of.The same is in political discourses. The more often it is repeated the more we w ill remember them and believe them. In Obamas case using the words Nation, New etc he tries to underline the idea of freshness in the United States and that it can only work as a NATION. As all presidents the repetition of AMERICA, motivates the American listeners and they feel directly talked to, strengthening also the bond between the people and the nation. Paul Chilton underlines in his book that discourses often use a container conceit, which is created by the words used.This container ideology is divided in 3 structures in interior and a exterior which are defined by a boundary which are formed in political discourses to a container- nation with political borders given by the speech. As such it is able for politicians to give the fault to others, outside of the container while securing the interior of the container. Analysis of Biblical references ostensibly it is customary in American political discourse to employ biblical language8, which is an inherent part of the old Ame rican public way of speaking.However, given that Obama is a non-traditional and liberal candidate for president,9 it is even more interesting to probe the biblical references he used and give possible explanations why used following citations for his speech. We remain a young nation, but, in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. Obama quoted here, the New Testament, 1 Corinthians 1311, dealing with St. Pauls letter to the church in Corinth.The goal he tried to achieve of this particular example is to also aims at the Muslim, Jewish, Hindu and non-believing Americans, to include them too into the speech, for it is a text that is usually read at wedding ceremonies and is not specified to one religion specifically, as it speaks about true love in the following manner Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes an always perseveres.Love never fails. (1 Corinthians, 134) When I was a child, I talked like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child. When I became a man, I put childish ways behind me. right away we see but a poor reflection as in a mirror then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known. And now these three remain faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love. (1 Corinthians, 1311) These letter were write by St. Paul to the church in Corinth in the times of inherent struggles and divisions in the church, and when the church was hreatened by immoral influences surrounding the community. St. Pauls letter was a letter of criticism and implorement to the Corinthians to stop the arguing and combat around different problems and embrace, what he called, the most important virtue love. 10 The plectrum o f this particular biblical reference could be perceived as Obamas attempt to spread the ideology of love loving thy neighbor so that the American people can embrace a notion of racial inclusiveness and ideological diversity, needed in the time of economic and international crises.Again we can find the idea of a WE. Conclusion It is now obvious that Paul Chilton theory can be applied. We can see that it is the play together of the different methods and many more make a discourse fantastic and manipulative. But it is important to know in which context the discourse has been write as the context can change the words, emotions and message in a political discourse. In Obamas speech we can find the concept of pragmatism, liberalism, inclusiveness, acceptance of religious and ethnic diversity and unity. As such the pass on of keywords of his run for presidency.This is shown by the prominent words employed by Obama nation, new and America, and a overall dominance of the personal pronoun We understood as necessary in the time of national peril The results of the biblical references, which Paul Chilton explains as only way to motivate and capture Americas population, have shown that Obamas choice of citations (quoting the Corinthians) was to strengthen the notion of unity and brotherly love among the various members of the American diverse society. As such we can see that his methods were well used and can be found by the methods of Paul Chilton.Obama stands for his candidature through his speech and ideology, world wide as a new wind for America that will rebuild and strengthen the country. And we have to remember that Obama is the first president that has been accepted as young and desolate person as president. Sources Primary source Analyzing Political Discourse, Theory and Practice, Paul Chilton, Routledge, 2004 Bibliography term Discourse Society January 1993 vol. 4 no. 1 7-31 Metaphor in Political Discourse The Case of the Common European House by Paul Chi lton and Mikhail Ilyin Moral Imagination Implications of Cognitive wisdom for Ethics, University of Chicago, 1993. Secondary Sources University of Louisville, Article by Judith D. Fischer http//www. law. louisville. edu/node/2720 Online register, Critical Discourse Analysis by Juraj Harvath https//docs. google. com/ spectator pump? a=v=cachej-4vhWbO6a8Jwww. pulib. sk/elpub2/FF/Ferencik2/pdf_doc/6. pdf+=de=lu=bl=ADGEESgDn7GSv6cJcZ6acGq5vk-rpp0mNE_qyGy5vUUCMEdg4d1M9efiWLiSgl3CRzYChNf3gQkZQ-saUZib0C5oBU-XVpDkee3pDul94RL3VlIR6nWc4j-OIJTNBkD9oZuSmxh4ybhM=AHIEtbRfcX_PIha4KZfnvwVFTzxPnRNSDA Obama, the Lion in pass ttp//www. exec-comms. com/blog/2009/01/20/obama-the-lion-in-winter/ -5 Speechwriting Lessons from Obamas Inaugural Speech by Andrew Dlugan http//sixminutes. dlugan. com/inauguration-speech-analysis-barack-obama-inaugural/ Online Document A Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obamas Speeches By Junling Wang https//docs. google. com/ spectator pump? a=v=cacheHzMPBXpzbW8Joj s. academypublisher. com/index. php/jltr/ word/download/0103254261/1807+=de=lu=bl=ADGEEShaYaCyse11UxuFQk1KY0Zb0oOh15Ng1vgnuIdLSpdkL4Ia5nqoDh1DV-aO46J-bKQV9Fyfc3mz1MrZ5VTIrAnm85bmHXzt4cJZgNLYXFeuExE4wl1-SjUvUuEWd78WR0jiI5aV=AHIEtbT3Yd_sOMwtzg1_LtcSsaQh2FbYGw Wikipedia article about metaphors http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Metaphor visited on 21 November 2012 St Pauls Letters http//biblescripture. net/1Corinthians. hypertext mark-up language Apendix The whole speech of Obama can be found on BBC http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/obama_inauguration/7840646. stm 1 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Metaphor, visited on 21 November 2012 2 Paul Chilton, Analyzing political discourses, Page 49 3 Moral Imagination Implications of Cognitive Science for Ethics, University of Chicago, 1993. 4 Obama, the Lion in wintertime http//www. exec-comms. com/blog/2009/01/20/obama-the-lion-in-winter/ 5 Paul Chilton, Analyzing political discourses, Page 51 6 Statistics taken out of Critical discourse an alysis by Juraj Harvath (controlled by myself again) 7 A Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obamas Speeches By Junling Wang 8 Paul Chilton, Analyzing political discourses, Page 174 9 Obama, the Lion in Winter http//www. exec-comms. com/blog/2009/01/20/obama-the-lion-in-winter/ 10 St Pauls Letters http//biblescripture. net/1Corinthians. html